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Bills from the 2021–22 session

Assembly Bill 2

Various changes to the laws administered and enforced by the Department of Revenue. (FE)

Became law

The governor signed it on Feb 18, 2021. It's ⁠.

  1. Introduced, passed

    Jan 15, 2021

  2. Committee, passed

    Approved

  3. Assembly vote, passed

    Passed Feb 16, 2021

  4. Senate vote, passed

    Passed 27 to 5

  5. Governor, passed

    Signed

  6. Law, here now

    2021 Wisconsin Act 1

Latest entry in the official record, Feb 18, 2021: “Published 2-19-2021”

Read the bill

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What it does

Summary by the , the Legislature's nonpartisan drafting office. It's their wording, not ours.

This bill makes changes to the laws administered and enforced by the Department of Revenue.

shared revenue Reimbursement amounts Under current law, the state reduces the shared revenue payments to counties and municipalities for various purposes, including for the collection of penalties and the reimbursement for other amounts. However, current law is not consistent with regard to which components of shared revenue are reduced for these purposes. This bill provides that all such reductions are from the payment of all shared revenue components that the counties and municipalities receive on the fourth Monday in July and the third Monday in November.

Read the full summary

Expenditure restraint payments Under current law, counties and municipalities receive 15 percent of their shared revenue payments on the fourth Monday in July and the remainder on the third Monday in November, except that municipalities receive the entire amount of their payment under the expenditure restraint program on the fourth Monday in July. The bill allows municipalities to receive their entire expenditure restraint payment before the fourth Monday in July, upon certification by DOR.

Under current law, the inflation factor used to compute a municipality's expenditure restraint payment is a percentage equal to the average annual percentage change in the U.S. consumer price index for all urban consumers, U.S.

city average, as determined by the U.S. Department of Labor, for the 12 months ending on September 30. The bill modifies the consumer price index provision so that it is for the 12 months ending on August 31.

property Omitted property Current law requires a taxation district clerk to annually submit to DOR a listing of the taxes on property omitted from assessment in any of the previous two years that are to be included in the next assessment. However, the clerk reports the omitted taxes only if those taxes exceed $5,000. The bill modifies that $5,000 threshold so that the clerk reports the omitted taxes that are $250 or more for any single description of property. The bill also provides that the clerk may not list an omitted tax that was levied on property within a tax incremental district unless the current value of the district is lower than the tax incremental base.

Objections Current law requires a person who files an objection to the assessment of the person's manufacturing property to pay a $45 fee. The bill increases the filing fee to $200.

License fees Current law imposes license fees instead of property taxes on certain public utilities. The fees are based, generally, on the value of a utility's property. Utilities that are subject to the fees include light, heat, and power companies, pipeline companies, and railroad companies. Each such company, other than a railroad company, must file a report with DOR on or before May 1 of each year. DOR determines the value of the company's property on or before September 15. A railroad company must file its report on or before April 15 and its value is determined on or before August 1. The bill changes the filing and determination dates for a railroad company so that those dates are the same as those for other public utilities.

The bill also decreases the interest rate paid on refunds of license fees paid by public utilities from 9 percent to 3 percent.

Board of review Current law requires that at least one member of the board of review attend DOR training within the two-year period beginning on the date of the board's first meeting. The bill requires all members of the board of review to complete the training each year, except that only one member needs to attend training in-person each year.

Assessor certification Current law requires a person applying for an assessor certification examination to submit a $20 fee with the application. A person applying for a renewal of an assessor certification pays a $20 recertification fee with the application. The bill allows DOR to determine the amount of the fee for an assessor certification examination on the basis of DOR's estimate of the actual cost to administer and grade the examination, but the fee may not exceed $75. The bill also allows DOR to determine the recertification fee.

Levy limit; joint fire departments The property tax levy limit under current law does not apply to the amount that a city, village, or town levies to pay for charges assessed by a joint fire department or joint emergency medical services district if the current year increase in such charges is equal to or less than the percentage change in the U.S. consumer price index for all urban consumers, U.S. city average, as determined by the U.S.

Department of Labor, for the 12 months ending on September 30 of the year of the levy, plus 2 percent. The bill modifies the consumer price index provision so that it is for the 12 months ending on August 31 of the year of the levy.

Leasing property owned by a church or religious organization Current law provides a property tax exemption for property owned by educational associations and institutions, benevolent associations, churches, religious associations, and certain nonprofit entities licensed by the Department of Health Services. Leasing such property does not render the property taxable as long as the lessor uses the leasehold income for maintenance or construction debt retirement of the leased property. However, current law allows some leased property to retain its exemption regardless of how the leasehold income is used. For example, leasing a part of property that is owned and operated by a licensed nonprofit entity as residential housing does not render the property taxable, regardless of how the lessor uses the leasehold income.

Under this bill, leasing all or part of any property owned by a church or religious organization to an educational association or institution that is also exempt from taxation does not render the property taxable, regardless of how the lessor uses the leasehold income.

INCOME tax Disability income subtraction Current law allows an individual with less than $20,200 of federal adjusted gross income to claim a disability income subtraction on the individual's state tax return, if the individual is under 65 years of age and retired on disability, and, when the individual retired, was permanently and totally disabled. For a married couple filing a joint return, each spouse may claim the credit if they meet the criteria and their combined income is less than $25,400. The bill replaces an obsolete reference to the federal Internal Revenue Code with the language used to determine the claimant's eligibility that existed under the obsolete reference.

Homestead credit Under current law, an individual who is under the age of 62 and who does not have a disability must have earned income in order to claim the homestead credit.

However, current law does not define earned income for purposes of claiming the credit. The bill defines “earned income” for purposes of claiming the homestead credit as wages, salaries, tips, and other employee compensation that may be included in federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year, plus the amount of net earnings from self-employment.

Current law also requires individuals who wish to claim the homestead credit to add certain disqualified losses to homestead income in order to determine eligibility to claim the credit. However, the requirement does not apply to an individual whose primary income is from farming and whose farming operation generates less than $250,000 in the year to which the claim relates. The bill clarifies that an individual's primary income is from farming if the individual's gross income from farming for the year in which the claim relates is greater than 50 percent of the individual's total gross income from all sources for that year.

Final audit determinations Under current law, a taxpayer who receives a final audit determination from DOR has 90 days to report to DOR any changes or corrections related to that determination. The bill increases the time for providing that report to 180 days.

Historic rehabilitation credit The bill modifies the procedure for transferring the historic rehabilitation tax credit so that the person transferring the credit may file a claim for more than one taxable year.

Internal Revenue Code The bill adopts for state income and franchise tax purposes various provisions of the federal Internal Revenue Code.

Medical care insurance subtraction The bill eliminates obsolete provisions related to the medical care insurance subtraction for self-employed persons.

Payments from a retirement plan Under current law, payments or distributions of $5,000 or less received each year by an individual from a qualified retirement plan is exempt from income tax if the individual is at least 65 years of age and has income of less than $15,000 if single or filing a tax return as head of household or less than $30,000 if married. The bill changes the exemption to a subtraction that the taxpayer can choose not to claim if not claiming the subtraction would result in the taxpayer receiving a greater homestead credit.

Sales tax University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics Authority This bill provides a sales and use tax exemption for tangible personal property sold to a construction contractor who transfers the property to the University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics Authority as part of constructing a facility for the authority in this state. A similar exemption applies under current law to property sold to a contractor who transfers the property to a local unit of government, technical college district, or institution or campus of the University of Wisconsin System. Under current law, a sale of tangible personal property directly to the University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics Authority is exempt from the sales and use tax, but the exemption does not apply to a contractor who purchases tangible personal property on the authority's behalf.

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Who's behind it

4 representatives are its ⁠. All 4 are Republicans.

5 more lawmakers ⁠.

See all 9 names

Authors (4)

Signed on in support (5)

What it would cost

State agencies filed a . Each opens as a PDF from the Legislature.

Versions and amendments

Every text the Legislature printed for this bill, including proposed changes. Each opens on the Legislature's site.

How lawmakers voted

There were 12 votes on this bill.

Assembly Committee on Ways and Means vote on an amendment

Passed, 12 to 0 · Feb 8, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Report Assembly Amendment 2 adoption recommended by Committee on Ways and Means, Ayes 12, Noes 0”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Assembly Committee on Ways and Means vote to recommend it

Passed, 11 to 1 · Feb 8, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Report passage as amended recommended by Committee on Ways and Means, Ayes 11, Noes 1”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Joint Committee on Finance vote on an amendment

Passed, 12 to 3 · Feb 11, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Report Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 adoption recommended by Joint Committee on Finance, Ayes 12, Noes 3”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Joint Committee on Finance vote to recommend it

Passed, 11 to 4 · Feb 11, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Report passage as amended, with emergency statement attached, pursuant to s. 16.47 (2), Wisconsin Statutes, recommended by Joint Committee on Finance, Ayes 11, Noes 4”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Assembly vote on an amendment

Passed, 58 to 34 · Feb 16, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Assembly Amendment 1 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 laid on table, Ayes 58, Noes 34”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Assembly vote on an amendment

Passed, 60 to 34 · Feb 16, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Assembly Amendment 2 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 laid on table, Ayes 60, Noes 34”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Assembly vote on an amendment

Passed, 60 to 32 · Feb 16, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Assembly Substitute Amendment 4 laid on table, Ayes 60, Noes 32”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Senate vote on an amendment

Passed, 19 to 13 · Feb 16, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Senate Amendment 2 laid on table, Ayes 19, Noes 13”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Senate vote on an amendment

Passed, 20 to 11 · Feb 16, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Senate Amendment 3 laid on table, Ayes 20, Noes 11”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Senate vote on an amendment

Passed, 20 to 12 · Feb 16, 2021

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Senate Substitute Amendment 2 laid on table, Ayes 20, Noes 12”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Assembly vote to pass it

Passed, 87 to 3 · Feb 16, 2021 · 2 didn't vote

See how each of the 92 representatives voted

D: Democrat, R: Republican

Yes (87)

Didn't vote (2)

Official motion: “PASSAGE”. Official record · This vote on its own page

Senate vote to pass it

Passed, 27 to 5 · Feb 16, 2021

See how each of the 32 senators voted

D: Democrat, R: Republican

Official motion: “CONCURRENCE”. Official record · This vote on its own page

What happened

  1. Feb 18, 2021

    The new law was published.

  2. Feb 18, 2021

    The governor signed it. It became 2021 Wisconsin Act 1.

  3. Feb 18, 2021

    Sent to the governor.

  4. Feb 16, 2021

    The Senate passed it too, 27 to 5.

  5. Feb 16, 2021

    Sent to the Senate Committee on Senate Organization.

  6. Feb 16, 2021

    The Senate received it.

  7. Feb 16, 2021

    The Assembly passed it, 87 to 3.

  8. Feb 16, 2021

    The Assembly adopted it.

  9. Feb 11, 2021

    Sent to the Assembly Committee on Rules.

  10. Feb 11, 2021

    “Report passage as amended, with emergency statement attached, pursuant to s. 16.47 (2), Wisconsin Statutes, recommended by Joint Committee on Finance, Ayes 11, Noes 4” (the official wording)

  11. Feb 8, 2021

    Sent to the Joint Committee on Finance.

  12. Feb 8, 2021

    The committee voted to recommend passing it, 11 to 1.

  13. Jan 28, 2021

    1 more representative signed on in support.

  14. Jan 21, 2021

    The committee held a public hearing.

  15. Jan 20, 2021

    1 more representative signed on in support.

  16. Jan 19, 2021

    A state agency sent in its estimate of the cost.

  17. Jan 15, 2021

    Sent to the Assembly Committee on Ways and Means.

  18. Jan 15, 2021

    Introduced in the Assembly.

See the official record, word for word
  1. Jan 15, 2021 · Assembly

    Introduced by Representatives Wittke, Macco, Katsma and Zimmerman; cosponsored by Senators Marklein, Kooyenga and Kapenga

  2. Jan 15, 2021 · Assembly

    Read first time and referred to Committee on Ways and Means

  3. Jan 19, 2021 · Assembly

    Fiscal estimate received

  4. Jan 20, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 1 offered by Representative Riemer

  5. Jan 20, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 2 offered by Representative Wittke

  6. Jan 20, 2021 · Assembly

    Representative Ohnstad added as a coauthor

  7. Jan 21, 2021 · Assembly

    Public hearing held

  8. Jan 21, 2021 · Assembly

    Executive action taken

  9. Jan 28, 2021 · Assembly

    Representative McGuire added as a coauthor

  10. Feb 1, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 3 offered by Representatives Armstrong, Allen, Brandtjen, Dallman, Edming, Gundrum, Jagler, Knodl, Magnafici, Murphy, Mursau, Novak, Ramthun, Rozar, Skowronski, Steineke, Tittl, Tranel and Vorpagel

  11. Feb 5, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 4 offered by Representatives Armstrong, Allen, Edming, Knodl, Murphy, Mursau, Novak, Ramthun, Steineke, Tittl, Tranel and Vorpagel

  12. Feb 8, 2021 · Assembly

    Report Assembly Amendment 2 adoption recommended by Committee on Ways and Means, Ayes 12, Noes 0

  13. Feb 8, 2021 · Assembly

    Report passage as amended recommended by Committee on Ways and Means, Ayes 11, Noes 1

  14. Feb 8, 2021 · Assembly

    Referred to joint committee on Finance

  15. Feb 10, 2021 · Assembly

    Executive action taken

  16. Feb 10, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 offered by Joint Committee on Finance

  17. Feb 10, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 1 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 offered by Joint Committee on Finance

  18. Feb 10, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 2 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 offered by Joint Committee on Finance

  19. Feb 10, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 3 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 offered by Joint Committee on Finance

  20. Feb 10, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 4 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 offered by Joint Committee on Finance

  21. Feb 10, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 5 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 offered by Joint Committee on Finance

  22. Feb 11, 2021 · Assembly

    Report Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 adoption recommended by Joint Committee on Finance, Ayes 12, Noes 3

  23. Feb 11, 2021 · Assembly

    Report passage as amended, with emergency statement attached, pursuant to s. 16.47 (2), Wisconsin Statutes, recommended by Joint Committee on Finance, Ayes 11, Noes 4

  24. Feb 11, 2021 · Assembly

    Referred to committee on Rules

  25. Feb 11, 2021 · Assembly

    Placed on calendar 2-16-2021 by Committee on Rules

  26. Feb 15, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 6 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 1 offered by Representative Wittke

  27. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Read a second time

  28. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Substitute Amendment 2 offered by Representatives Hintz, Hesselbein, Spreitzer, Subeck, B. Meyers, Haywood, Goyke, Neubauer, McGuire, Anderson, Andraca, Baldeh, Billings, Bowen, Brostoff, Cabrera, Conley, Considine, Doyle, Drake, Emerson, Hebl, Milroy, Moore Omokunde and L. Myers

  29. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 offered by Representative Wittke

  30. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 1 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 offered by Representatives Anderson, Andraca, Baldeh, Billings, Bowen, Brostoff, Cabrera, Conley, Considine, Doyle, Drake, Emerson, Goyke, Haywood, Hebl, Hesselbein, Hintz, McGuire, B. Meyers, Milroy, Moore Omokunde, L. Myers, Neubauer, Ohnstad, Ortiz-Velez, Pope, Riemer, S. Rodriguez, Shankland, Shelton, Sinicki, Snodgrass, Spreitzer, Stubbs, Subeck, Vining and Vruwink

  31. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 1 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 laid on table, Ayes 58, Noes 34

  32. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 2 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 offered by Representatives Anderson, Andraca, Baldeh, Billings, Bowen, Brostoff, Cabrera, Conley, Considine, Doyle, Drake, Emerson, Goyke, Haywood, Hebl, Hesselbein, Hintz, McGuire, B. Meyers, Milroy, Moore Omokunde, L. Myers, Neubauer, Ohnstad, Ortiz-Velez, Pope, Riemer, S. Rodriguez, Shankland, Shelton, Sinicki, Snodgrass, Spreitzer, Stubbs, Subeck, Vining and Vruwink

  33. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 2 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 laid on table, Ayes 60, Noes 34

  34. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 3 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 offered by Representatives Anderson, Andraca, Baldeh, Billings, Bowen, Brostoff, Cabrera, Conley, Considine, Doyle, Drake, Emerson, Goyke, Haywood, Hebl, Hesselbein, Hintz, McGuire, B. Meyers, Milroy, Moore Omokunde, L. Myers, Neubauer, Ohnstad, Ortiz-Velez, Pope, Riemer, S. Rodriguez, Shankland, Shelton, Sinicki, Snodgrass, Spreitzer, Stubbs, Subeck, Vining and Vruwink

  35. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Substitute Amendment 4 offered by Representatives Anderson, Andraca, Baldeh, Billings, Bowen, Brostoff, Cabrera, Conley, Considine, Drake, Emerson, Goyke, Haywood, Hebl, Hesselbein, Hintz, McGuire, B. Meyers, Milroy, Moore Omokunde, L. Myers, Neubauer, Ohnstad, Ortiz-Velez, Pope, Riemer, S. Rodriguez, Shankland, Shelton, Sinicki, Snodgrass, Spreitzer, Stubbs, Subeck, Vining and Vruwink

  36. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Substitute Amendment 4 laid on table, Ayes 60, Noes 32

  37. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 1 to Assembly Amendment 3 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 offered by Representative Loudenbeck

  38. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 1 to Assembly Amendment 3 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 adopted

  39. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Amendment 3 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 adopted

  40. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Assembly Substitute Amendment 3 adopted

  41. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Ordered to a third reading

  42. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Rules suspended

  43. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Read a third time and passed, Ayes 87, Noes 3, Paired 6

  44. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Ordered immediately messaged

  45. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Received from Assembly

  46. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Read first time and referred to committee on Senate Organization

  47. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Amendment 1 offered by Senators Ringhand, Agard, Bewley, Carpenter, Erpenbach, Johnson, Larson, Pfaff, Roys, Smith and Wirch

  48. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Substitute Amendment 1 offered by Senators Larson, Agard, Bewley, Erpenbach, Johnson, Pfaff, Ringhand, Roys, Smith and Wirch

  49. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Amendment 2 offered by Senator Carpenter

  50. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Amendment 3 offered by Senator Carpenter

  51. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Rules suspended to withdraw from committee on Senate Organization and take up

  52. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Read a second time

  53. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Substitute Amendment 1 withdrawn and returned to author

  54. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Amendment 1 withdrawn and returned to author

  55. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Amendment 2 laid on table, Ayes 19, Noes 13

  56. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Substitute Amendment 2 offered by Senators Larson, Agard, Bewley, Erpenbach, Johnson, Pfaff, Ringhand, Roys, Smith and Wirch

  57. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Amendment 3 laid on table, Ayes 20, Noes 11

  58. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Senate Substitute Amendment 2 laid on table, Ayes 20, Noes 12

  59. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Ordered to a third reading

  60. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Rules suspended

  61. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Read a third time and concurred in, Ayes 27, Noes 5

  62. Feb 16, 2021 · Senate

    Ordered immediately messaged

  63. Feb 16, 2021 · Assembly

    Received from Senate concurred in

  64. Feb 17, 2021 · Assembly

    LRB correction (Assembly Amendment 1 to Assembly Amendment 3 to Assembly Substitute Amendment 3)

  65. Feb 18, 2021 · Assembly

    LRB correction (Assembly Substitute Amendment 3)

  66. Feb 18, 2021 · Assembly

    Report correctly enrolled on 2-18-2021

  67. Feb 18, 2021 · Assembly

    Presented to the Governor on 2-18-2021

  68. Feb 18, 2021 · Assembly

    Report approved by the Governor on 2-18-2021. 2021 Wisconsin Act 1

  69. Feb 18, 2021 · Assembly

    Published 2-19-2021

Terms on this page

Wisconsin Act

The number a bill gets when it becomes law, like 2025 Wisconsin Act 12.

Official term: Act. More in the glossary

Legislative Reference Bureau

The Legislature's nonpartisan office that drafts bills and writes the summary at the top of each one.

Official term: LRB analysis. More in the glossary

Author

A lawmaker who formally puts a bill forward. The text itself is drafted by the Legislative Reference Bureau.

Official term: Author, coauthor. More in the glossary

Signed on in support

Lawmakers who back a bill without being one of its authors, often from the other chamber.

Official term: Cosponsor. More in the glossary

Cost estimate

A state agency's estimate of what a bill would cost or save.

Official term: Fiscal estimate. More in the glossary

Roll call

A vote where each lawmaker's yes or no is recorded by name.

Official term: Roll call vote. More in the glossary

From the Wisconsin Legislature's official record, checked Sep 15, 2026. See the source

Wisconsin Act

The number a bill gets when it becomes law, like 2025 Wisconsin Act 12.

Official term: Act

Legislative Reference Bureau

The Legislature's nonpartisan office that drafts bills and writes the summary at the top of each one.

Official term: LRB analysis

Author

A lawmaker who formally puts a bill forward. The text itself is drafted by the Legislative Reference Bureau.

Official term: Author, coauthor

Signed on in support

Lawmakers who back a bill without being one of its authors, often from the other chamber.

Official term: Cosponsor

Cost estimate

A state agency's estimate of what a bill would cost or save.

Official term: Fiscal estimate

Roll call

A vote where each lawmaker's yes or no is recorded by name.

Official term: Roll call vote