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Bills from the 2025–26 session

Senate Bill 435

Adopting the title of physician associate for physician assistants, independent practice of certain physician associates, extending the time limit for emergency rule procedures, and providing an exemption from emergency rule procedures. (FE)

Topics: Medical malpractice, Physician assistant

Stopped before the full Senate voted

The recommended passing it, but the full Senate never voted on it. The last day for votes this session was Mar 19, 2026. To try again, a lawmaker would have to start a new bill.

  1. Introduced, passed

    Sep 29, 2025

  2. Committee, passed

    Approved

  3. Senate vote, stopped here

    Stopped here. The full Senate never voted on it.

  4. Assembly vote, not reached

  5. Governor, not reached

  6. Law, not reached

Latest entry in the official record, Mar 23, 2026: “Failed to pass pursuant to ⁠”

Read the bill

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The same bill was also filed in the Assembly as AB 438. That version died when the session ended.

What it would have done

Summary by the , the Legislature's nonpartisan drafting office. It's their wording, not ours.

This bill adopts the term “physician associate” for “physician assistant” in the statutes, changes the title of the credentialing board that licenses physician associates to “Physician Associate Affiliated Credentialing Board,” allows physician associates to assume the title “physician associate” in addition to other titles allowed under current law, and allows a physician associate to practice independently from physicians if the physician associate satisfies certain criteria.

Under current law, a physician assistant who provides care to patients may provide the services of a physician assistant only if there is a physician who is primarily responsible for the overall direction and management of the physician assistant’s professional activities and for assuring that the services provided by the physician assistant are medically appropriate or if the physician assistant has entered into a written collaborative agreement with a physician that describes the physician assistant’s individual scope of practice and includes a protocol for identifying an alternative collaborating physician for situations in which the collaborating physician or the physician’s designee is not available for consultation.

Read the full summary

To qualify to practice independently under the bill, a physician associate must satisfy certain criteria, including that the physician associate has completed 7,680 hours of clinical practice as a physician associate while practicing with a physician who is primarily responsible for the overall direction and management of the physician associate’s professional activities and for assuring that the services provided by the physician associate are medically appropriate or while practicing under a written collaborative agreement that satisfies the requirements under current law. In order to qualify to practice independently, the physician associate must maintain certain evidence that, during the 7,680 hours of clinical practice, the physician associate maintained a mutual, professional relationship with at least one physician; maintained documentation indicating the relationships the physician associate had with one or more physicians to deal with issues outside of the physician associate’s knowledge, training, or experience; and maintained evidence that he or she was subject to a quality assurance program, peer review process, or other similar program or process that was implemented for and designed to ensure the provision of competent and quality patient care and that also included participation by a physician. The 7,680 hours of clinical practice may include the lawful practice of the physician associate outside this state or the lawful practice of the physician associate in this state prior to the effective date of this bill, the lawful practice of the physician associate as an employee of the federal government as a civilian or as a member of a uniformed service while performing duties incident to that employment or service, including hours of independent practice outside of a supervisory or collaborative relationship with a physician, and any clinical hours completed pursuant to an educational program that qualifies an individual for licensure as a physician assistant under current law.

The bill provides that, regardless of whether a physician associate has qualified to practice independently, a physician associate may provide treatment of pain syndromes through the use of invasive techniques only while practicing with a physician who, through training, education, and experience, specializes in pain management and who either is primarily responsible for the overall direction and management of the physician associate’s professional activities and for assuring that the services provided by the physician associate are medically appropriate or is under a written collaborative agreement with the physician associate. However, the bill provides that a physician associate may provide treatment of pain syndromes through the use of invasive techniques if the physician associate has qualified to practice independently under the bill and provides treatment of pain syndromes through the use of invasive techniques in a hospital or a clinic associated with a hospital. Further, the bill provides that a physician associate may provide treatment of pain syndromes through the use of invasive techniques if the physician associate has qualified to practice independently under the bill and has privileges in a hospital to provide treatment of pain syndromes through the use of invasive techniques without a collaborative relationship with a physician.

Finally, the bill adds physician associates who have qualified to practice independently as mandatory participants in the Injured Patients and Families Compensation Fund. The Injured Patients and Families Compensation Fund provides excess medical malpractice coverage for health care providers who participate in the fund and meet all other participation requirements, which includes maintaining malpractice liability insurance in coverage amounts specified under current law. Under current law, no physician assistant may practice as a physician assistant unless they maintain such medical liability insurance.

Who's behind it

2 senators are its ⁠. All 2 are Republicans.

11 more lawmakers ⁠.

See all 13 names

Authors (2)

Signed on in support (11)

What it would cost

State agencies filed a . Each opens as a PDF from the Legislature.

How lawmakers voted

There was one vote on this bill.

Senate Committee on Health vote to recommend it

Passed, 3 to 2 · Nov 11, 2025

No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.

Official motion: “Report passage recommended by Committee on Health, Ayes 3, Noes 2”. Official record · This vote on its own page

What happened

  1. Mar 23, 2026

    The session ended, and the bill died with it.

  2. Jan 22, 2026

    A state agency sent in its estimate of the cost.

  3. Nov 11, 2025

    The committee voted to recommend passing it, 3 to 2.

  4. Nov 5, 2025

    The committee held a public hearing.

  5. Oct 31, 2025

    1 more representative signed on in support.

  6. Oct 22, 2025

    A state agency sent in its estimate of the cost.

  7. Sep 29, 2025

    Sent to the Senate Committee on Health.

  8. Sep 29, 2025

    Introduced in the Senate.

See the official record, word for word
  1. Sep 29, 2025 · Senate

    Introduced by Senators Cabral-Guevara and Testin; cosponsored by Representatives VanderMeer, Franklin, Donovan, Goeben, Green, Gundrum, Knodl, Maxey, Steffen and Tittl

  2. Sep 29, 2025 · Senate

    Read first time and referred to Committee on Health

  3. Oct 22, 2025 · Senate

    Fiscal estimate received

  4. Oct 31, 2025 · Senate

    Representative Melotik added as a cosponsor

  5. Nov 5, 2025 · Senate

    Public hearing held

  6. Nov 11, 2025 · Senate

    Executive action taken

  7. Nov 11, 2025 · Senate

    Report passage recommended by Committee on Health, Ayes 3, Noes 2

  8. Nov 11, 2025 · Senate

    Available for scheduling

  9. Jan 22, 2026 · Senate

    Fiscal estimate received

  10. Mar 23, 2026 · Senate

    Failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1

Terms on this page

Committee

A small group of lawmakers that looks at a bill first. Most bills never leave committee.

More in the glossary

Senate Joint Resolution 1

The session's calendar. Any bill not passed by its last voting day dies.

Official term: Failed to pass pursuant to SJR 1. More in the glossary

Legislative Reference Bureau

The Legislature's nonpartisan office that drafts bills and writes the summary at the top of each one.

Official term: LRB analysis. More in the glossary

Author

A lawmaker who formally puts a bill forward. The text itself is drafted by the Legislative Reference Bureau.

Official term: Author, coauthor. More in the glossary

Signed on in support

Lawmakers who back a bill without being one of its authors, often from the other chamber.

Official term: Cosponsor. More in the glossary

Cost estimate

A state agency's estimate of what a bill would cost or save.

Official term: Fiscal estimate. More in the glossary

Roll call

A vote where each lawmaker's yes or no is recorded by name.

Official term: Roll call vote. More in the glossary

From the Wisconsin Legislature's official record, checked Sep 15, 2026. See the source

Committee

A small group of lawmakers that looks at a bill first. Most bills never leave committee.

Senate Joint Resolution 1

The session's calendar. Any bill not passed by its last voting day dies.

Official term: Failed to pass pursuant to SJR 1

Legislative Reference Bureau

The Legislature's nonpartisan office that drafts bills and writes the summary at the top of each one.

Official term: LRB analysis

Author

A lawmaker who formally puts a bill forward. The text itself is drafted by the Legislative Reference Bureau.

Official term: Author, coauthor

Signed on in support

Lawmakers who back a bill without being one of its authors, often from the other chamber.

Official term: Cosponsor

Cost estimate

A state agency's estimate of what a bill would cost or save.

Official term: Fiscal estimate

Roll call

A vote where each lawmaker's yes or no is recorded by name.

Official term: Roll call vote