A teacher’s authority to manage the teacher’s class, parental notification of disruptive or violent behavior at school, and a school district’s code of conduct. (FE)

The bill changes the conditions under which a teacher may remove a pupil from the teacher’s class. Under the bill, a teacher may remove a pupil if the pupil 1) violates the school board’s code of classroom conduct; 2) engages in disruptive behavior; 3) causes or participates in a disruptive or violent incident; 4) materially and substantially interrupts instruction or compromises safety; or 5) repeatedly refuses to comply with classroom rules after prior intervention. The requirement to send a removed pupil to the school principal remains the same under the bill as under current law. However, when a removed pupil is sent to the school principal, the bill requires the school principal to act in accordance with the school board’s policy on reasonable safety measures and the school board’s code of classroom conduct. The alternative placements for a removed pupil are also the same under the bill as under current law, except that under the bill a school principal may return the pupil to the class from which the pupil was removed only if the school principal determines that it is the appropriate alternative. Additionally, under the bill, if the pupil was removed for causing or participating in a disruptive or violent incident or on the basis of becoming a persistently disruptive pupil, the pupil must have a behavior intervention plan in place before the school principal may return the pupil to the teacher’s class.

Pupil behavior incidents in schools Parental notification of certain pupil behavioral incidents The bill requires a school board to notify a pupil’s parent if 1) a disruptive incident that involves violence, a threat of imminent violence, or the removal of a pupil from class because of a disruptive incident occurs in the pupil’s classroom; 2) the pupil is directly involved in a disruptive incident; 3) there is a chronic disruption that affects instructional time provided to the pupil; 4) three or more disruptive incidents occur in the pupil’s classroom within 30 school days; or 5) an incident that involves violence or a threat of violence occurs during noninstructional time at the pupil’s school, an extracurricular event or activity in which the pupil participates, or an event or game sponsored by school district in which the pupil is enrolled. The notice must be provided to the parent within five days of the incident that triggers the notice. The bill defines a “disruptive incident” as an incidence of pupil behavior that materially and substantially interrupts instruction or compromises safety, and the pupil’s behavior 1) intentionally causes damage to another person’s physical property or 2) is violent, abusive, indecent, profane, boisterous, unreasonably loud, or otherwise disorderly conduct.

The bill also requires school boards to annually notify parents of their right to receive notice of the events described above and the procedures to enforce that right through a mandamus action.

School board policy: reasonable safety measures Under the bill, each school board must adopt a written policy on reasonable safety measures to address 1) incidents that materially and substantially interrupt instruction or compromise safety; 2) persistently disruptive pupils; and 3) violent incidents. The bill defines a “violent incident” as a disruptive incident that 1) causes or threatens to cause the death of another person; 2) causes or threatens to cause bodily harm, substantial bodily harm, or great bodily harm to another person; 3) subjects, attempts to, or threatens to subject a person to physical contact, including strikes, shoves, and kicks; or 4) causes or threatens to cause personal physical pain, injury, or death. The bill provides various examples of reasonable safety measures, including specific procedures for removing a pupil from class, a procedure to evacuate a room if it becomes unsafe to stay in the room, and procedures for documenting disruptive incidents.

Mandamus action Under the bill, a parent of a pupil enrolled in a school district may bring a mandamus action against a school board for failing to comply with the requirements to 1) provide the required annual notice; 2) provide a notice of a specific pupil behavioral incident; or 3) adopt a reasonable safety measures policy. Before commencing an action in circuit court, a parent must file a complaint with the school board and allow the school board an opportunity to determine whether a violation occurred, and if the school board determines that a violation did occur, to take appropriate corrective action. A parent may proceed with commencing the mandamus action if the school board determines that there was no violation or determines that there was a violation but fails to implement appropriate corrective action within 30 days of the determination.

If a court issues a writ of mandamus against a school board, the school board shall report the writ to the Department of Public Instruction. Under the bill, DPI must post on its website each school board against which a writ of mandamus has been issued to comply with the requirements described above.

Teacher protections The bill prohibits school boards from terminating or otherwise retaliating or discriminating against a teacher for removing a pupil from the teacher’s class, enforcing classroom rules, reporting unsafe conditions or disruptive behavior, requesting assistance for pupil behavior concerns, or taking an action to protect the safety of the teacher or others. Additionally, the bill requires that before taking an adverse employment action against a teacher on the basis of the teacher’s response to a disruptive or violent incident, a school board must provide written notice to the teacher, allow the teacher an opportunity to respond to the notice, and, if requested, hold a hearing on the incident and potential adverse employment action. Under the bill, each school board must annually notify all teachers employed by the school district of these protections.

Under current law, school boards other than the board of a first class city school district (currently only Milwaukee Public Schools) must contract in writing with qualified teachers. This bill requires that school boards, including the MPS board, include in each teacher contract a provision that allows the teacher to terminate the contract without penalty if the teacher is a victim, while the teacher is on school premises, at a school-sponsored activity, or otherwise engaged in official duties on behalf of the school district, of a physical assault by a pupil or of a violent crime committed by a pupil.