Assembly Bill 451
Residential tax incremental districts. (FE)
Topics: Administration, Department of: Agency and general functions, Housing, Municipality: Taxation, Property tax, Village: Taxation
Passed the Assembly, then stopped
The Assembly passed it on Oct 7, 2025, but the Senate never voted on it. A bill has to . The last day for votes this session was Mar 19, 2026. To try again, a lawmaker would have to start a new bill.
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Introduced, passed
Sep 25, 2025
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Committee, passed
Approved
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Assembly vote, passed
Passed Oct 7, 2025
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Senate vote, stopped here
Stopped here. The Senate never voted on it.
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Governor, not reached
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Law, not reached
Latest entry in the official record, Mar 23, 2026: “Failed to concur in pursuant to ”
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The same bill was also filed in the Senate as SB 480. That version became law.
Terms on this page
Second chamber's vote
A bill has to pass both the Assembly and the Senate in the same form before it goes to the governor.
Official term: Concurrence. More in the glossary
Senate Joint Resolution 1
The session's calendar. Any bill not passed by its last voting day dies.
Official term: Failed to pass pursuant to SJR 1. More in the glossary
Legislative Reference Bureau
The Legislature's nonpartisan office that drafts bills and writes the summary at the top of each one.
Official term: LRB analysis. More in the glossary
Author
A lawmaker who formally puts a bill forward. The text itself is drafted by the Legislative Reference Bureau.
Official term: Author, coauthor. More in the glossary
Signed on in support
Lawmakers who back a bill without being one of its authors, often from the other chamber.
Official term: Cosponsor. More in the glossary
Cost estimate
A state agency's estimate of what a bill would cost or save.
Official term: Fiscal estimate. More in the glossary
Roll call
A vote where each lawmaker's yes or no is recorded by name.
Official term: Roll call vote. More in the glossary
What it would have done
Summary by the , the Legislature's nonpartisan drafting office. It's their wording, not ours.
This bill allows cities and villages to designate tax incremental districts (TIDs) as residential TIDs, which under the bill would be subject to a different rule regarding the maximum equalized value of taxable property that may be contained in the TID than would apply to other TIDs.
TIF generally Under current law, cities and villages may use tax incremental financing (TIF) to encourage development in the city or village. In general, under TIF, a city or village pays for improvements in a TID and then collects tax moneys attributable to all taxing jurisdictions on the increased property value in the TID for a certain period of time to pay for the improvements. Ideally, after that period of time, the city or village will have been repaid for its initial investment and the property tax base in the TID will have permanently increased in value.
Read the full summary Show less
In general and in brief, a city or village makes use of TIF using the following procedure:
1. The city or village designates an area as a TID and creates a project plan laying out the expenditures that the city or village will make within the TID, and the designation and project plan are approved by representatives of the other taxing jurisdictions (joint review board).
2. The Department of Revenue establishes the “base value” of the TID. This value is the equalized value of all taxable property within the TID at the time of its creation.
3. Each year thereafter, the “value increment” of the property within the TID is determined by subtracting the base value from the current value of property within the TID. The portion of taxes collected on any positive value increment (the tax increment) is collected by the city or village for use solely for the project costs of the TID. Tax increments collected by the city or village include taxes that would have been collected by other taxing jurisdictions, such as counties or school districts, if the TID had not been created.
4. Tax increments are collected until the city or village has recovered all of its project costs or until the TID reaches its statutory termination date.
Residential TIDs This bill allows a city or village to create a residential TID. To create a residential TID, the local legislative body must adopt a resolution finding all of the following:
1. That all project costs of the TID are related to residential developments that satisfy certain limits related to type of residences developed, setbacks, lot sizes, and structure sizes.
2. That all project costs of the TID are for the construction or improvement of infrastructure necessary for residential development within the TID.
3. That all project costs of the TID will be paid directly from tax increments or financed by a developer.
Under current law, when creating a new TID or amending a TID, a city or village must make a finding that the equalized value of taxable property of the new or amended TID, plus the value increment of all existing TIDs in the city or village, does not exceed 12 percent of the total equalized value of taxable property in the city or village.
Under this bill, a residential TID is not subject to this 12 percent rule. However, residential TIDs are subject to a separate, but similar 3 percent rule. That is, when creating a new residential TID or amending a residential TID, a city or village must make a finding that the equalized value of taxable property of the new or amended residential TID, plus the value increment of all existing residential TIDs in the city or village, does not exceed 3 percent of the total equalized value of taxable property in the city or village.
Currently, a city or village generally may amend the project plan of a TID with the approval of the joint review board. Under this bill, with regard to a residential TID, a project plan may not be amended to increase the project costs of the TID later than 10 years before the unextended termination date of the TID except upon unanimous vote of the joint review board. The bill also specifies that a residential TID may not be a donor or recipient TID. That is, tax increments generated by the residential TID may not be used to pay project costs for another TID and tax increments generated by another TID may not be used to pay a residential TID’s project costs.
Because this bill may increase or decrease, directly or indirectly, the cost of the development, construction, financing, purchasing, sale, ownership, or availability of housing in this state, the Department of Administration, as required by law, will prepare a report to be printed as an appendix to this bill.
Who's behind it
14 representatives are its . 13 are Republicans and 1 is a Democrat.
10 more lawmakers .
See all 24 names Hide the names
Authors (14)
- Dave Armstrong · Republican, Assembly
- Brent Jacobson · Republican, Assembly
- Rob Brooks · Republican, Assembly
- Barbara Dittrich · Republican, Assembly
- Joy Goeben · Republican, Assembly
- Joel Kitchens · Republican, Assembly
- Dan Knodl · Republican, Assembly
- Rob Kreibich · Republican, Assembly
- Dave Murphy · Republican, Assembly
- Jerry O'Connor · Republican, Assembly
- Will Penterman · Republican, Assembly
- Amaad Rivera-Wagner · Democrat, Assembly
- Rob Summerfield · Republican, Assembly
- Travis Tranel · Republican, Assembly
Signed on in support (10)
- Brienne Brown · Democrat, Assembly
- Rachael Cabral-Guevara · Republican, Senate
- Jodi Emerson · Democrat, Assembly
- Dan Feyen · Republican, Senate
- Dean Kaufert · Republican, Assembly
- Howard Marklein · Republican, Senate
- Lori Palmeri · Democrat, Assembly
- Melissa Ratcliff · Democrat, Senate
- Lee Snodgrass · Democrat, Assembly
- Shelia Stubbs · Democrat, Assembly
What it would cost
State agencies filed a . Each opens as a PDF from the Legislature.
Versions and amendments
Every text the Legislature printed for this bill, including proposed changes. Each opens on the Legislature's site.
How lawmakers voted
There were 3 votes on this bill.
Assembly Committee on Housing and Real Estate vote on an amendment
Passed, 12 to 2 · Oct 3, 2025
No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.
Official motion: “Report Assembly Amendment 1 adoption recommended by Committee on Housing and Real Estate, Ayes 12, Noes 2”. Official record · This vote on its own page
Assembly Committee on Housing and Real Estate vote to recommend it
Passed, 12 to 2 · Oct 3, 2025
No member-by-member record exists for this vote. Committee votes and some older sessions record totals only.
Official motion: “Report passage as amended recommended by Committee on Housing and Real Estate, Ayes 12, Noes 2”. Official record · This vote on its own page
Assembly vote to pass it
Passed, 88 to 7 · Oct 7, 2025 · 4 didn't vote
See how each of the 99 representatives voted Hide the names
D: Democrat, R: Republican
Yes (88)
- Adam Neylon (R, 15)
- Alex Dallman (R, 39)
- Alex Joers (D, 81)
- Amaad Rivera-Wagner (D, 90)
- Amanda Nedweski (R, 32)
- Andrew Hysell (D, 48)
- Angela Stroud (D, 73)
- Angelina Cruz (D, 62)
- Ann Roe (D, 44)
- Barbara Dittrich (R, 99)
- Ben DeSmidt (D, 65)
- Ben Franklin (R, 88)
- Bob Donovan (R, 61)
- Bob Wittke (R, 63)
- Brent Jacobson (R, 87)
- Brienne Brown (D, 43)
- Calvin Callahan (R, 35)
- Chanz Green (R, 74)
- Christine Sinicki (D, 20)
- Cindi Duchow (R, 97)
- Clint Moses (R, 92)
- Dan Knodl (R, 24)
- Dave Armstrong (R, 67)
- Dave Maxey (R, 83)
- Dave Murphy (R, 56)
- David Steffen (R, 4)
- Dean Kaufert (R, 53)
- Deb Andraca (D, 23)
- Duke Tucker (R, 75)
- Elijah Behnke (R, 6)
- Gus Gustafson (R, 55)
- Jeff Mursau (R, 36)
- Jenna Jacobson (D, 50)
- Jerry O'Connor (R, 60)
- Jessie Rodriguez (R, 21)
- Jill Billings (D, 95)
- Jim Piwowarczyk (R, 98)
- Joan Fitzgerald (D, 46)
- Jodi Emerson (D, 91)
- Joe Sheehan (D, 26)
- Joel Kitchens (R, 1)
- John Spiros (R, 86)
- Joy Goeben (R, 5)
- Kalan Haywood (D, 16)
- Karen DeSanto (D, 40)
- Karen Hurd (R, 69)
- Karen Kirsch (D, 7)
- Kevin Petersen (R, 57)
- Lee Snodgrass (D, 52)
- Lindee Brill (R, 27)
- Lisa Subeck (D, 79)
- Lori Palmeri (D, 54)
- Margaret Arney (D, 18)
- Mark Born (R, 37)
- Maureen McCarville (D, 42)
- Mike Bare (D, 80)
- Nancy VanderMeer (R, 70)
- Pat Snyder (R, 85)
- Paul Melotik (R, 22)
- Paul Tittl (R, 25)
- Randy Udell (D, 47)
- Renuka Mayadev (D, 77)
- Rick Gundrum (R, 58)
- Rob Brooks (R, 59)
- Rob Kreibich (R, 28)
- Rob Summerfield (R, 68)
- Rob Swearingen (R, 34)
- Robin Vos (R, 33)
- Ron Tusler (R, 3)
- Russell Goodwin (D, 12)
- Ryan Spaude (D, 89)
- Scott Allen (R, 82)
- Scott Krug (R, 72)
- Sequanna Taylor (D, 11)
- Shae Sortwell (R, 2)
- Shannon Zimmerman (R, 30)
- Shelia Stubbs (D, 78)
- Steve Doyle (D, 94)
- Supreme Moore Omokunde (D, 17)
- Sylvia Ortiz-Velez (D, 8)
- Tara Johnson (D, 96)
- Tip McGuire (D, 64)
- Todd Novak (R, 51)
- Tony Kurtz (R, 41)
- Travis Tranel (R, 49)
- Treig Pronschinske (R, 29)
- Tyler August (R, 31)
- Will Penterman (R, 38)
No (7)
- Christian Phelps (D, 93)
- Chuck Wichgers (R, 84)
- Darrin Madison (D, 10)
- Francesca Hong (D, 76)
- Priscilla Prado (D, 9)
- Ryan Clancy (D, 19)
- Vinnie Miresse (D, 71)
Didn't vote (4)
- Angelito Tenorio (D, 14)
- Clint Anderson (D, 45)
- Greta Neubauer (D, 66)
- Robyn Vining (D, 13)
Official motion: “PASSAGE”. Official record · This vote on its own page
What happened
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Mar 23, 2026
The session ended, and the bill died with it.
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Feb 18, 2026 to Mar 19, 2026
2 more representatives and 1 senator signed on in support.
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Oct 15, 2025
The committee held a public hearing.
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Oct 8, 2025
A state agency sent in its estimate of the cost.
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Oct 8, 2025
Sent to the Senate Committee on Insurance, Housing, Rural Issues and Forestry.
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Oct 7, 2025
The Senate received it.
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Oct 7, 2025
The Assembly passed it, 88 to 7.
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Oct 7, 2025
The Assembly adopted it.
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Oct 7, 2025
1 more representative signed on in support.
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Oct 7, 2025
A state agency sent in its estimate of the cost.
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Oct 6, 2025
1 more representative signed on in support.
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Oct 3, 2025
The committee voted to recommend passing it, 12 to 2.
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Oct 2, 2025
1 more representative signed on in support.
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Sep 30, 2025
The committee held a public hearing.
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Sep 26, 2025
1 more representative signed on in support.
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Sep 25, 2025
Sent to the Assembly Committee on Housing and Real Estate.
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Sep 25, 2025
Introduced in the Assembly.
See the official record, word for word Hide the official record
- Sep 25, 2025 · Assembly
Introduced by Representatives Armstrong, B. Jacobson, Brooks, Dittrich, Goeben, Kitchens, Knodl, Kreibich, Murphy, O'Connor, Penterman, Rivera-Wagner, Summerfield and Tranel; cosponsored by Senators Feyen, Marklein and Cabral-Guevara
- Sep 25, 2025 · Assembly
Read first time and referred to Committee on Housing and Real Estate
- Sep 26, 2025 · Assembly
Representative Kaufert added as a coauthor
- Sep 30, 2025 · Assembly
Public hearing held
- Oct 1, 2025 · Assembly
Assembly Amendment 1 offered by Representative Armstrong
- Oct 2, 2025 · Assembly
Executive action taken
- Oct 2, 2025 · Assembly
Representative Palmeri added as a coauthor
- Oct 3, 2025 · Assembly
Report Assembly Amendment 1 adoption recommended by Committee on Housing and Real Estate, Ayes 12, Noes 2
- Oct 3, 2025 · Assembly
Report passage as amended recommended by Committee on Housing and Real Estate, Ayes 12, Noes 2
- Oct 3, 2025 · Assembly
Referred to calendar of 10-7-2025
- Oct 3, 2025 · Assembly
Assembly Amendment 2 offered by Representative Armstrong
- Oct 6, 2025 · Assembly
Representative Snodgrass added as a coauthor
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Fiscal estimate received
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Representative Stubbs added as a coauthor
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Read a second time
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Assembly Amendment 1 adopted
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Assembly Amendment 2 adopted
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Ordered to a third reading
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Rules suspended
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Read a third time and passed, Ayes 88, Noes 7
- Oct 7, 2025 · Assembly
Ordered immediately messaged
- Oct 7, 2025 · Senate
Received from Assembly
- Oct 8, 2025 · Senate
Read first time and referred to committee on Insurance, Housing, Rural Issues and Forestry
- Oct 8, 2025 · Senate
Fiscal estimate received
- Oct 14, 2025 · Senate
LRB correction (Assembly Amendment 2)
- Oct 15, 2025 · Senate
LRB correction (Assembly Amendment 1)
- Oct 15, 2025 · Senate
Public hearing held
- Feb 18, 2026 · Senate
Senator Ratcliff added as a cosponsor
- Mar 6, 2026 · Senate
Representative Brown added as a coauthor
- Mar 19, 2026 · Senate
Representative Emerson added as a coauthor
- Mar 23, 2026 · Senate
Failed to concur in pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1
Terms on this page
Second chamber's vote
A bill has to pass both the Assembly and the Senate in the same form before it goes to the governor.
Official term: Concurrence. More in the glossary
Senate Joint Resolution 1
The session's calendar. Any bill not passed by its last voting day dies.
Official term: Failed to pass pursuant to SJR 1. More in the glossary
Legislative Reference Bureau
The Legislature's nonpartisan office that drafts bills and writes the summary at the top of each one.
Official term: LRB analysis. More in the glossary
Author
A lawmaker who formally puts a bill forward. The text itself is drafted by the Legislative Reference Bureau.
Official term: Author, coauthor. More in the glossary
Signed on in support
Lawmakers who back a bill without being one of its authors, often from the other chamber.
Official term: Cosponsor. More in the glossary
Cost estimate
A state agency's estimate of what a bill would cost or save.
Official term: Fiscal estimate. More in the glossary
Roll call
A vote where each lawmaker's yes or no is recorded by name.
Official term: Roll call vote. More in the glossary
From the Wisconsin Legislature's official record, checked Sep 15, 2026. See the source
Second chamber's vote
A bill has to pass both the Assembly and the Senate in the same form before it goes to the governor.
Official term: Concurrence
Senate Joint Resolution 1
The session's calendar. Any bill not passed by its last voting day dies.
Official term: Failed to pass pursuant to SJR 1
Legislative Reference Bureau
The Legislature's nonpartisan office that drafts bills and writes the summary at the top of each one.
Official term: LRB analysis
Signed on in support
Lawmakers who back a bill without being one of its authors, often from the other chamber.
Official term: Cosponsor
Cost estimate
A state agency's estimate of what a bill would cost or save.
Official term: Fiscal estimate
Roll call
A vote where each lawmaker's yes or no is recorded by name.
Official term: Roll call vote